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Summary:
Od publikace původních teoretických prací Davida Thoulesse, Duncana Haldana a Michaela Kosterlitze věnovaných topologii ve fyzice pevných látek uplynulo již více než třicet let. Během této doby se studium tzv. topologických materiálů stalo jedním z nejvýznamnějších směrů současné teoretické i experimentální fyziky. A právě v minulém roce se autory těchto prací rozhodla ocenit švédská Královská akademie věd udělením Nobelovy ceny za fyziku. V následujícím textu se pokusíme čtenářům ve zjednodušené podobě přiblížit roli topologie ve fyzice pevných látek i přínos laureátů.
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